Supreme Court Slams Assam Government for Poor Conditions at Matia Transit Camp

New Delhi: The Supreme Court of India has raised serious concerns about the dire living conditions at the Matia Transit Camp in Assam, where foreign nationals are held. A bench led by Justice Abhay Oka and Justice A.G. Masih described the situation as “far from satisfactory,” citing a report from the State Level Services Authority (SLSA) that revealed significant shortcomings in essential amenities.

The Court highlighted the lack of critical services and infrastructure, with Justice Oka pointing out, “No facility is in place. No vocational training center, no distance education. A female doctor is not available.” This reflects the inadequate healthcare provisions for female detainees and the absence of educational and vocational resources essential for their rehabilitation.

In light of these troubling findings, the Supreme Court has directed the Secretary of the relevant Assam government department to conduct an immediate inspection of the transit camp. The Secretary is also required to organize a meeting with relevant authorities to ensure that necessary facilities are established within one month. Additionally, the Court has requested a comprehensive report on improvements by December 9, when the case will be re-evaluated.

Situated in Goalpara district, the Matia Transit Camp is recognized as India’s largest detention center for individuals identified as foreign nationals under the Foreigners Act of 1946. Although it became operational in early 2023 as a more humane alternative to traditional detention methods, it has faced ongoing scrutiny for its inadequate living conditions, prompting questions about the welfare of detainees, many of whom have completed their sentences.

The facility spans approximately 20 bighas (around 28,800 square feet) and was constructed at a cost of Rs 46.51 crore, featuring 15 buildings, including two designed specifically for women, with a capacity of 3,000 individuals. As of November 2024, the camp housed 224 detainees, including 36 children, yet the Supreme Court has pointed out serious issues such as insufficient water supply, inadequate sanitation, and poor food quality.

In response to the Court’s concerns, the Assam State Legal Services Authority has been tasked with conducting surprise inspections to evaluate and improve conditions within the facility. The SLSA report highlighted a lack of educational and vocational training opportunities, insufficient healthcare services, and a shortage of female medical staff. Human rights organizations have previously condemned the camp for not meeting basic living standards, raising ongoing concerns about nutrition, sanitation, and psychological support for detainees.